Brock, B., Rivera, A., Casassa, G., Bown, F. and C. Acuña (2007) : “The surface energy balance of an active ice-covered volcano: Volcán Villarrica, southern Chile” Annals of glaciology , 45, 104-114.

Resumen / Abstract.

The energy balance of bare snow and tephra-covered ice near the glacier equilibrium line elevation on Villarrica Volcano, southern Chile, was investigated during 2004 and 2005, combining meteorological, surface temperature and ablation measurements with energy balance modelling. A tephra thermal conductivity of 0.35Wm–1 K–1, and a critical tephra thickness of <5mm at which ablation is reduced compared to bare snow, were obtained from field data. These low values are attributable to the highly porou The energy balance of bare snow and tephra-covered ice near the glacier equilibrium line elevation on Villarrica Volcano, southern Chile, was investigated during 2004 and 2005, combining meteorological, surface temperature and ablation measurements with energy balance modelling. A tephra thermal conductivity of 0.35Wm–1 K–1, and a critical tephra thickness of <5mm at which ablation is reduced compared to bare snow, were obtained from field data. 

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